Page 168 - CW E-Magazine (30-1-2024)

Special Report Special Report

LIPF production reached 105-kt in leading to a shortfall, which could kt of LIPF in 2022, and 3.6-kt to Table 2: Bill of materials in LIB cell to pack assembly (kg per kWh)(9)
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2022, an increase of 95% compared exceed 60-kt in 2024. 7.8-kt in 2023. Item LMO NMC111 LIFP6 NMC532 NMC622 NMC811 NCA
to the previous year. By 2025, capa-
city of LIPF in China is expected to  In November 2021, Do-Fluoride  In May 2021, China’s largest bat- Active cathode material 2.36 1.78 2.06 1.72 1.50 1.27 1.38
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reach nearly 500-ktpa, as several new signed a strategic agreement with tery manufacturer, CATL, signed a
projects and expansions have been BYD, to supply 56-kt of LIPF purchase deal with Ningde Kaixin Carbon black 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.07 0.03
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announced. from January 2022 to December Battery Material for 15-kt of LiPF Graphite 0.80 0.90 1.05 0.88 0.89 0.92 0.90
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2025, corresponding to a battery from May 2021 to June 2022.
 Do-Fluoride’s current capacity of capacity of about 448-GWh. Binder (PVDF) 0.07 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.05
LIPF is 10-ktpa, but in July 2021, Other key producers of LIPF in-
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the company announced plans to  In July 2021, BYD signed another clude: Copper 0.44 0.33 0.47 0.31 0.29 0.28 0.26
invest Yuan 5.15-bn in plants for mak- purchase agreement with Do-Fluo-  Stella Chemifa (Izumi, Japan). Aluminium 0.24 0.19 0.26 0.18 0.16 0.16 0.15
ing 100-ktpa of LIPF , 40-ktpa of ride for supply of 6.46-kt of LIPF .  Kanto Denka (Mizushima, Japan)
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lithium difl uorosulfonimide (LiFSI) At the same time, BYD signed a (capacity: 0.95-ktpa); Electrolyte: LiPF 0.08 0.06 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05
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and 10-ktpa of lithium difl uoro- purchase agreement with Jiangsu  Morita Chemical Industries Ltd.
phosphate. The project in Jiaozuo Jiujiujiu Technology Co., Ltd., a (Japan) (capacity: 1.38-ktpa; 0.66-ktpa Electrolyte: Ethylene Carbonate 0.21 0.18 0.29 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15
city (Henan province), will be de- holding subsidiary of Yanan in Japan and a 0.72-ktpa in Zhangji- Electrolyte: Dimethyl Carbonate 0.21 0.18 0.29 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15
veloped in three phases, with pro- Bikang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., agang, China);
duction starting by the end of 2025. for supplies of no less than 1.150-kt  Foosung (Suzhou and Nantong, Plastic: Polypropylene 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02
of LIPF in the second half of 2021; China);
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 In October 2021, Li Wenhua not less than 3.360-kt in 2022; and Plastic: Polyethylene 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
Engineering announced that Liwen not less than 3.360-kt in and in San Mei Corporation (South Korea) Plastic: Polyethylene Terephthalate 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
International, a wholly-owned sub- 2023. recently reported that its 6-ktpa LiPF
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sidiary, and Ruichang Municipal project is expected to enter trial produc- Subtotal cell 4.50 3.78 4.70 3.61 3.33 3.21 3.17
Government have agreed to a 10-ktpa  Also in 2021, BYD signed a long- tion in the fi rst quarter of 2024.
LIPF project in Ruichang City, term supply agreement with Jiangsu Module components sans cell (kg)
4 | Market Analysis Update Q2 2023
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Jiangxi Province. Xintai Materials Technology Co., Currently, there is no large-scale Copper 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary production of LiPF in North America.
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 On December 2022, Tinci Materi- of Guangdong Tianji Electric Co., But in February 2023, Orbia’s Fluori- Aluminium 0.20 0.18 0.23 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.15
Prototypical development of a battery cell production Ltd., for supplying no less than 3.5- nated Solutions business, Koura, an-
als announced plans to invest in
plant in Europe
production capacity of 90-ktpa of
The challenges that arise during the development of new Plastic: Polyethylene 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
production sites and especially during planning and build-
liquid LIPF .
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up of cell production plants are diverse. Reports on the Capacity Europe Insulation 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
development of battery cell production sites in Europe 2023e Sweden Great Germany Poland Czech Hungary
Republic
Britain
 In February 2022, Yongtai Tech- Electronic part 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
show that the planning is not always straightforward.
During the process, timelines of plans and announcements Battery cell
nology said that it has put into pro-
of milestones can vary, deviate from the original plan, or production Subtotal: Module components sans cell
duction a plant capable of making
being stopped altogether. Thus, adaptations to changing 0.22 0.20 0.25 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18
circumstances are always considered during planning 175 GWh/a
8-ktpa of LIPF .
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and operation. Recent examples in Europe have shown Pack components sans module (kg)
that, starting with the announcement of a factory, Cathode
 In December 2023, Tonze New material Copper 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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approximately five years pass until start of operations.
Energy Technology Co., Ltd. stated
The site planning begins with the setting of goals, which 40 GWh eq /a Aluminium 0.47 0.44 0.52 0.43 0.42 0.42 0.41
that it will invest in new lithium
encompasses the specific conditions such as strategic
orientation, planned products, possible locations as Separator
salts and supporting projects, in-
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well as the budget and timeframe. In particular, the Steel 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02
cluding 30-ktpa of LIPF and 6-ktpa
search for financial coverage by potential investors or
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of high-purity LiF.
opportunities for national financial support or funding can 120+ GWh eq /a Insulation 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
have consequences for the choice of location or the size of
the planned factory. It has been shown that the EU must Electrolyte Coolant 0.11 0.12 0.15 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.13
Battery manufacturers in China,
create more incentives and simplify its approval processes
to stay competitive vis-à-vis the markets in North America
particularly BYD – now the world’s Electronic part 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
and Asia.
largest EV manufacturer – have been 230 GWh eq /a
vying to tie up supplies of LIPF since Electrolyte: 1 kt ≈ 1 GWh eq ; Separator: 1 Mio. m2 ≈ 0,1 GWh eq Subtotal: Pack components sans module 0.70 0.67 0.79 0.65 0.64 0.64 0.64
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the last few years, on the expectation Fig. 4: Companies active in battery cell production & component manufacture, and own sites in
Only companies that are already producing in Europe or will start production by the end of 2023 are depicted. The secound column shows an
that supply may not match demand, estimate of annual production capacities for the end of 2023. Source: Company announcements, own depiction. Total pack 5.42 4.65 5.74 4.45 4.15 4.03 3.98
European countries(10)
1 Northvolt starts production in its battery factory Ett - electrive.net; CATL announces start of battery cell production in Arnstadt - electrive.net
168 Chemical Weekly January 30, 2024 Chemical Weekly January 30, 2024 169
2 VDI 5200 Blatt 1
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