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selectivity could reach 97.6% compared
to 94.7% in single-stage. Other dialkly
peroxides can adopt this strategy. (AIChE Jl.,
2024; DOI: 10.1002/aic.18727).
H from NH through lasers
2
3
NH is under active consideration as
3
H carrier as transportation system for
2
NH exists in the global context. Instead
3
of higher temperature, pressure, and
catalysts, researchers have shown that
aq. NH solution can be subjected to
3
brief intense laser pulses to free H . (J.
2
Am. Chem. Soc., 2024; DOI: 10.1021/
jacs.3c13459).
Mechanochemical urea synthesis
Macro-microreactor based pro- known Stober synthesis in the presence using NH -water and CO under
3
cess intensifi cation for achieve- of cationic surfactant in methanol-water mild conditions 2
ment of high mixing perfor- solvent system and trimethylbenzene
mance, low pressure drop, and as pore swelling agent to form porous Y. Lou et al have come out with an
high throughput liquid-liquid silica particles. Operating parameters can interesting and potentially attractive way
ho m og e ne ous c he m i c a l be manipulated and surface area of 600 of making urea under mild conditions
processes sq.m.per gm can be realized with pore vs harsh high pressure (150 bar+) for
diameter of 2.4 nm. These authors have
S. Zhao et al have come out with the title demonstrated large-scale production carbamate urea conversion. Without
extra catalysts, the ZrO texture of the
2
reactor with designed internals. CFD at the kg scale. (Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., jar and grinding balls has a crucial
2024; DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.3c03304).
mechanocatalytic eff ect on direct urea
Continuous flow synthesis of synthesis. Experimental data coupled
di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) in
microreactors and kinetic study

was used to investigate the fl uid mecha- Y. Xu et al have referred to the wide use
nics: Helical-shaped internals were found of DTBP and have synthesized it from with theoretical calculation results indi-
to be good. (Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2024; tertiary butanol and H O by a continuous cate that the mechano-induced oxygen
2
2
DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.4c02598). process, rather than a batch process which vacancies within the (101) crystal plane
has safety issues and uncontrollable pro- of ZrO play a pivotal role in urea for-
2
Continuous flow synthesis of duct distribution. Optimal reaction con- mation. This strategy allows reduction in
mesoporous silica particles with ditions were determined: a molar ratio of the energy barrier for the generation of
tunable size and structure 1.5 (H SO / TBA) and 0.5 (H O /TBA), *NH in the subsequent decomposition
2
2
2
4
2
temperature of 50°C, conc. of H SO at of NH COOH. (ACS Sustainable Chem.
2
4
2
R.B. Jundale et al have reported the 75 wt% and 85wt%. A two-stage H O Eng., 2025; DOI: 10.1021/acssusche-
2
2
title process based on the use of well- feeding strategy was adopted and DTBP meng. 4c05811).
Chemical Weekly June 10, 2025 153
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