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Special Report Special Report

carried out with a bipolar membrane reused five times. (Applied Catalysis, Techno-economic analysis of gallic acid. (This work merits attention
electrodialysis (BMED) for the simul- 2025, 699, 5 June, 120267; DOI:10.1016/j. novel lignin (L) extraction in India) (J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol.,
taneous isolation of XL, XA, and KOH. apcata.2025.120267). from black liquor 2025; DOI: 10.1002/jctb.7830).
This process is benign with respect to
energy consumption. (ACS Sustainable Enzymatic valorisation of P.S. Tiller et al have reported process The role of beta zeolites
Chem. Eng., 2025; DOI: 10.1021/acs- fatty acids in oleochemical simulation of lab scale valorisation and in the selective single
suschemeng.5C00612). synthesis have opined that the use of spent acid for O-demethylation of alkyl-
L valorisation is useful. Thus, the novel syringols to alkyl-methoxy
Dehydration of xylose (X) F. Tieves and F. Hollmann have referred catechols, a novel polymer
to furfural (F) in a biphasic to the recent advances in biocatalysis,
Lignin (L) at 80-90°C to get highly uncondensed system which will allow valorisation of fatty building block class
L which is lightly-coloured and highly acids to value-added products. Thus, hy- The title phenolics come from e.g.
A techno-economically active. The maximum yield and purity D. Soukup-Carne et al have referred droxylation of alkyl chain, epoxidation hardwood and are valuable resource
feasible and sustainable C-L of uncondensed L can reach 33.6% and to the biphasic system used in the title of C=C double bonds, reduction of the for bio-based product development. F.
biorefi nery 95.5%, respectively. L protection stra- reaction with MIBK as a solvent. These carboxylate group and decarboxylation Brandi et al have shared a promising
tegy by 1,2-propanediol is realised by authors have worked on selection of can be conducted. Thus, polyesters, bio- approach, which involves the single
P. Wang et al have referred to C-L, a grafting the hydroxyl functional group to commercially available solid acid cata- based lubricants, and surfactants can be O-demethylation (ODM) of syringyl
homo-biopolymer, as having a great the alpha position of the benzyl carboca- lysts, which included ion exchange produced. Sophorolipids, derived from use of Mathieson-derived NaHSO can derivatives, giving methoxy catechol
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potential as a feedstock for biorefi neries tion intermediate. (Green Chem., 2025; resins, zeolites and sulphated zirconia. hydroxylated fatty acids, are gaining substitute for CO in L precipitation. moieties (MC) – vicinal hydroxyl phe-
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that convert it into high value-added DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00024F). Their work shows sulphated zirconia importance as biosurfactants with appli- There are clear economic benefi ts in nols with a methoxy group – and these
products, e.g., catechol as a precursor (SO /ZrO ) to be effective with a cations in detergents and cosmetics. using NaHSO in place of CO . (Sepn. offer underexplored applications. This
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of pharmaceuticals. These authors have Concurrent production of maximum yield of F of 53.8% at 160°C Further, epoxidised fatty acids serve as Purfn. Technol., 2025, 366, 27August, work has realised selective ODH of
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conducted a techno-economic analysis Xylonic acid (XA) and Xylitol and X conversion of 98.4%. (Reaction intermediates for eco-friendly adhesives, 1322757; DOI:10.1016/jseppur.2025. 4-methylsyringol to 3-methoxy-5-methyl-
(TEA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) (XL) from Xylose (X) through Chem. Eng., 2025; DOI: 10.1039/ coatings, and polymers. Reduction of D132757). benzene-1,2-diol, or 4-methyl-6-meth-
of a conceptual biorefi nery based on sustainable bipolar membrane D4RE00572D). -COOH to -CHO and -CH OH has many oxycatechol (MMC) using commercial
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waste castor seed coats which are con- electrodialysis value-added uses. (Eur. Jl. Lipid. Sci. Isolation and characterisation beta-zeolites. The application of MMC
verted into high value-added products, Revealing the inhibitory Technol., 2025, 127, issue3, e70.000; of phenolic substances from epoxy thermosets via glycidation is
which include pulp, catechol, oligomers, A. Awad et al have presented an inte- reduction effect of Zr DOI: 10.1002/ejit.70.000). pomegranate (P) residues discussed. (Green Chem.,2025; DOI:
and propylene. Adopting combined heat grated process for the simultaneous species on CoO to enhance 10.1039/D4GC04824E).
and power (CHP) and pressure swing production of XA and XL from X via the stability for furfural (PRs)
adsorption (PSA) systems, leads to cat- a one-pot catalytic reaction using a 5 (F) hydrogenolysis to Alkoxide-catalysed synthesis [India is a prominent producer of P and Valorisation of apple pomace
echol which realises a minimum selling wt% Pt/activated carbon catalyst where 2-methylfuran (MF) and characterisation of Maharashtra also has a thriving produc- [India is now a signifi cant producer of
price (MSP) of $2.02 per kg, which is XA is a dehydrogenation product and acylglycerol-estolide tion and we do have P residue production apples and apple juice is an organised
23% lower than the market price and XL is a hydrogenation product, under J. He et al have reported that Zr CO – biolubricants from neat castor and its use is becoming popular.] industry and hence using pomace to
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carbon footprint is lower than petro- ambient condition involving internal H 325 catalyst has exceptional reusability oil C.S. Papageorgiou et al have firstly get value-added products becomes
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chemical route. (Green Chem., 2025; transfer. This reaction was conducted in in the title reaction and even activity was conducted thermal hydrolysis of PRs important.]
DOI: 10.1039/D46C06090C). a basic environment without external H enhanced. As high as 71.2% yield of MF L.N. Melo et al have stated that the and the product was separated into liquid
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sources. Subsequently, separation was was obtained at 170°C and catalyst was title biolubricants (esters) often exhibit phase and pulp. C. Agostina et al have referred to phlore-
Protective fractionation of improvements in essential lubricant tin (P) becoming important in the last
highly uncondensed L with properties such as oxidative stability, etc. The liquid phase was adjusted with res- decade due to its remarkable biological
high purity and high yield A new series of high viscosity lubricants pect to pH and taken to second thermal properties, which include anti-microbial,
can be based on mixtures of acylglyce- treatment (to ensure sterility and its ex- anti-diabetic, cardioprotective, anti-in-
Y. Zhao et al have referred to the rol-estolides made via simultaneous ploitability as a fermentation substrate), flammatory, immunomodulatory and
self-condensation of L as an insur- KOMe-catalysed transesterifi cation and and the pulp was subjected to extraction antioxidant effects. Thus, it has become a
mountable bottleneck in its isolation and inter-esterifi cation of neat castor oil. tests. The total phenolic content (TPC) leading ingredient in the cosmetic sector.
valorisation process. The key aspect is These bio-based lubricants have highest was measured, along with total carbo- These authors have come out with an
to achieve highly uncondensed L with viscosity of 635 mm s and have equiva- hydrates. Phenolics were identified effi cient, cost-effective and highly-pro-
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high yield and purity. These authors have lent lubricant properties with other using LC-MS. Further adsorption and ductive biocatalytic strategy for the
come out with a deep eutectic solvent commercial lubricants; pour point -30°C desorption experiments were done with preparation of natural P, starting from its
(DES) based on polyhydric alcohols, and VI 173. (Eur. Jl. Lipid. Sci. Technol., XAD 16N resin and phenolics were glucosylated phloridzin, one of the main
which can be used to treat meso bamboo 2025; DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202400125). isolated: punicalagins, ellagic acid, and flavonoid, AHeGH1 immobilised on

168 Chemical Weekly July 22, 2025 Chemical Weekly July 22, 2025 169

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